B-Lines

Saving bees and other pollinators from extinction by restoring rich, wildflower habitats across the UK.

Clients: Buglife, Natural England
Date: 2016
Services: Digital Mapping, Data Analysis

Throughout the UK, 97% of species-rich grassland has been lost since 1940, mainly due to modern farming methods and urban spread. As a result, 75% of our pollinators are in decline, and 35 species of bees face extinction.

Much of our wildlife is now confined to tiny, isolated habitats and, if action isn’t taken to restore and reconnect them, between 40 and 70% of native species may go extinct.

The B-Lines initiative intends to help combat this catastrophic bio-diversity loss via the creation of a UK-wide network of pollinator-friendly habitats, known as ‘B-Lines.’ This network of B-Lines will restore at least 150,000 hectares of rich meadows and grassland, and reconnect currently isolated habitat areas all over the UK.

Before launching the B-Lines project, Buglife and Natural England asked CBDC to map out existing insect pollinator populations across Cumbria, Lanashire, and Greater Manchester.

In collaboration with other record centers, we analysed, edited, and digitally mapped out existing and collected pollinator habitat data, via ArcGIS model building. Our maps formed the working foundations for the North West B-Line networks, and helped to develop project methodology that was used in other B-Line projects around the UK.

Thanks to our work in the North and contribution to the wider B-Lines project, CBDC was hired to work on the Bee Roads South project.

Above & Below:
Maps created for the Cumbria, Lancashire, and Manchester B-Line project areas. Proposed B-Lines are displayed in yellow, and existing habitats in green (below right).

Below:
The full B-Lines network. CBDC’s North West project area is marked in blue.

Below:
A flow chart demonstrating our mapping process for the project.

Stage 1 began with a collaborative effort from local recording and data centers to identify potential habitats. During Stage 2, we evaluated the quality and suitability of these habitats, narrowing them down into Core Areas. A 3 kilometre buffer was added around the Core Areas, which provided the first step towards creating the B-Line network. During Stage 3, we used digital modelling to analyse terrain and map out the most efficient way to connect the Core areas, founding the B-Lines network.

(SSSI = Sites of Special Scientific Interest).

Links and Credits:

– Buglife B-Lines website
– Images sourced from: BumblebeeConservation.org (Steven Falk, final image), BBC.co.uk (Iain H. Leach, butterfly), and B-Lines

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Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre

The Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre at Tullie House Museum, Carlisle keeps wildlife information for the county of Cumbria. Tullie House Museum, in its role as a local natural history museum, has collected and disseminated records of wildlife in Cumbria since its inception in 1893. From the early 1990s the Museum has developed a computerised database of species and habitat records in Cumbria and has taken the central role in providing a local biodiversity data service for the county. This role was restyled as Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre (CBDC) in 2010, a not-for-profit organisation hosted by Tullie House Museum and advised by local stakeholders.
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreThursday, October 1st, 2026 at 1:23am
Over the next month, you might see more ladybirds coming indoors - especially if you live in more urban areas of Cumbria like Carlisle and Kendal. While native ladybirds will over-winter in garden sheds, leaf litter and crevices in woody plants or fences, the non-native Harlequin (Harmonia axyridis) is looking for somewhere a little warmer to spend the winter diapause and will enter houses to congregate in corners. These ladybirds are originally from Asia so need drier and warmer conditions than the native species.

The Harlequin is very variable - hence the name. The two examples shown here were collected at the same time in the same place! Some colour patterns can look very similar to the native species but generally Harlequins have brown legs and undersides while native species tend to have black legs/underside. Harlequins tend to be quite large too compared to the more variable sizes seen in the 45+ native species.

Over-wintering ladybirds won't do any damage and shouldn't pose a problem wherever you find them. But if you do find some in your home and they have brown legs, you can be confident that they are the Harlequin. Do record any ladybirds that you see so we can better understand the key locations of Harlequins across Cumbria and how they might be interacting with the natives.

And if you want to see a plentiful number of Harlequins this month, Mayor's Drive near Bitts Park in Carlisle is usually a good spot.
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreWednesday, September 23rd, 2026 at 4:57am
Cumbria has over 1500 County Wildlife Sites, many on private land. We are working with @CumbriaWildlifeTrust to provide free surveys of these sites so we can understand their condition and help guide landowners to find management advice and support.

Find out more about County Wildlife Sites in general and across Cumbria using these resources - and contact the Cumbria County Wildlife Sites Project if you think you have a site and would welcome a survey.

https://www.cumbriawildlifetrust.org.uk/wildlife/county-wildlife-sites
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/local-sites-and-nature-conservation/local-sites-and-nature-conservation
Or the LWS Hub: https://www.localwildlifesites.org/
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreWednesday, September 16th, 2026 at 1:12am
As well as the excellent Plantlife resources and Waxcap Watch, CBDC has two upcoming waxcap training sessions - Thursday 8th October and Sunday 1st November. We're finalising details but do let us know if you would like more information/have priority booking by completing our expressions of interest form:
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe5JQ99XCSMMIyUX641NL8EqGz6gXH4C2hItqp9EFL-iFXhKw/viewform?usp=publish-editor
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreMonday, September 14th, 2026 at 5:51am
It is apple season! The apple harvest looks good again this year - albeit with possibly smaller apples than usual. Traditionally managed orchards are good sites for biodiversity but their location and condition in Cumbria are not well understood. If you manage a traditional orchard, tell us about it. Do get in contact if you would be willing to share information about your orchard.
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreFriday, September 11th, 2026 at 12:56am
Ever wondered who works at @CBDC and what they do? Over the next few months, we'll feature a different team member each month and find out a little more about their role. So watch out in October for the first profile.....

We asked a well-known AI chatbot to create a cartoon of the CBDC team and it developed this image. Find out what it got right and what it got wrong in the coming months.
Cumbria Biodiversity Data Centre
Cumbria Biodiversity Data CentreWednesday, September 9th, 2026 at 1:06am
Biological recording in the autumn months sees a shift from recording flowering plants and summer migrant birds to fungi and winter migrant birds. Look out for the different fungal fruiting bodies that are appearing widely across different habitats at the moment - this year is already looking very promising for fungal forays.